RNA polymerase III subunit A
Last updated 12 Nov 2024
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The POLR3A gene provides instructions for making the largest piece (subunit) of an enzyme called RNA polymerase III. This enzyme is involved in the production (synthesis) of RNA, a chemical cousin of DNA. The RNA polymerase III enzyme attaches (binds) to DNA and synthesizes RNA molecules using the instructions carried by the DNA, a process called transcription. RNA polymerase III helps synthesize several forms of RNA, including ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). Molecules of rRNA and tRNA assemble protein building blocks (amino acids) into working proteins; this process is essential for the normal functioning and survival of cells.
Normal function
The POLR3A gene provides instructions for making the largest piece (subunit) of an enzyme called RNA polymerase III. This enzyme is involved in the production (synthesis) of RNA, a chemical cousin of DNA. The RNA polymerase III enzyme attaches (binds) to DNA and synthesizes RNA molecules using the instructions carried by the DNA, a process called transcription. RNA polymerase III helps synthesize several forms of RNA, including ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). Molecules of rRNA and tRNA assemble protein building blocks (amino acids) into working proteins; this process is essential for the normal functioning and survival of cells.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
DNA-directed RNA polymerase III largest subunit
DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit A
polymerase (RNA) III subunit A
RNA polymerase III 155 kDa subunit
RPC1
RPC155
RPC1_HUMAN
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Further reading and references
- RNA polymerase III subunit A; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Bernard G, Chouery E, Putorti ML, Tetreault M, Takanohashi A, Carosso G, Clement I, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Rodriguez D, Delague V, Abou Ghoch J, Jalkh N, Dorboz I, Fribourg S, Teichmann M, Megarbane A, Schiffmann R, Vanderver A, Brais B. Mutations of POLR3A encoding a catalytic subunit of RNA polymerase Pol III cause a recessive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy. Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Sep 9;89(3):415-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.07.014.
- Daoud H, Tetreault M, Gibson W, Guerrero K, Cohen A, Gburek-Augustat J, Synofzik M, Brais B, Stevens CA, Sanchez-Carpintero R, Goizet C, Naidu S, Vanderver A, Bernard G. Mutations in POLR3A and POLR3B are a major cause of hypomyelinating leukodystrophies with or without dental abnormalities and/or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Med Genet. 2013 Mar;50(3):194-7. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101357. Epub 2013 Jan 25.
- Jay AM, Conway RL, Thiffault I, Saunders C, Farrow E, Adams J, Toriello HV. Neonatal progeriod syndrome associated with biallelic truncating variants in POLR3A. Am J Med Genet A. 2016 Dec;170(12):3343-3346. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37960. Epub 2016 Sep 9.
- Minnerop M, Kurzwelly D, Wagner H, Soehn AS, Reichbauer J, Tao F, Rattay TW, Peitz M, Rehbach K, Giorgetti A, Pyle A, Thiele H, Altmuller J, Timmann D, Karaca I, Lennarz M, Baets J, Hengel H, Synofzik M, Atasu B, Feely S, Kennerson M, Stendel C, Lindig T, Gonzalez MA, Stirnberg R, Sturm M, Roeske S, Jung J, Bauer P, Lohmann E, Herms S, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Nicholson G, Mahanjah M, Sharkia R, Carloni P, Brustle O, Klopstock T, Mathews KD, Shy ME, de Jonghe P, Chinnery PF, Horvath R, Kohlhase J, Schmitt I, Wolf M, Greschus S, Amunts K, Maier W, Schols L, Nurnberg P, Zuchner S, Klockgether T, Ramirez A, Schule R. Hypomorphic mutations in POLR3A are a frequent cause of sporadic and recessive spastic ataxia. Brain. 2017 Jun 1;140(6):1561-1578. doi: 10.1093/brain/awx095.
- Paolacci S, Li Y, Agolini E, Bellacchio E, Arboleda-Bustos CE, Carrero D, Bertola D, Al-Gazali L, Alders M, Altmuller J, Arboleda G, Beleggia F, Bruselles A, Ciolfi A, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Krieg T, Mohammed S, Muller C, Novelli A, Ortega J, Sandoval A, Velasco G, Yigit G, Arboleda H, Lopez-Otin C, Wollnik B, Tartaglia M, Hennekam RC. Specific combinations of biallelic POLR3A variants cause Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome. J Med Genet. 2018 Dec;55(12):837-846. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105528. Epub 2018 Oct 15.
- Perrier S, Gauquelin L, Wambach JA, Bernard G. Distinguishing severe phenotypes associated with pathogenic variants in POLR3A. Am J Med Genet A. 2022 Feb;188(2):708-712. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62553. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
- Potic A, Brais B, Choquet K, Schiffmann R, Bernard G. 4H syndrome with late-onset growth hormone deficiency caused by POLR3A mutations. Arch Neurol. 2012 Jul;69(7):920-3. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.1963.
- Saitsu H, Osaka H, Sasaki M, Takanashi J, Hamada K, Yamashita A, Shibayama H, Shiina M, Kondo Y, Nishiyama K, Tsurusaki Y, Miyake N, Doi H, Ogata K, Inoue K, Matsumoto N. Mutations in POLR3A and POLR3B encoding RNA Polymerase III subunits cause an autosomal-recessive hypomyelinating leukoencephalopathy. Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Nov 11;89(5):644-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.10.003. Epub 2011 Oct 27.
- Terao Y, Saitsu H, Segawa M, Kondo Y, Sakamoto K, Matsumoto N, Tsuji S, Nomura Y. Diffuse central hypomyelination presenting as 4H syndrome caused by compound heterozygous mutations in POLR3A encoding the catalytic subunit of polymerase III. J Neurol Sci. 2012 Sep 15;320(1-2):102-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2012.07.005. Epub 2012 Jul 21.
- Vanderver A, Tonduti D, Bernard G, Lai J, Rossi C, Carosso G, Quezado M, Wong K, Schiffmann R. More than hypomyelination in Pol-III disorder. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2013 Jan;72(1):67-75. doi: 10.1097/NEN.0b013e31827c99d2.
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