Autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy
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Sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) is a form of epilepsy that is characterised by seizures that typically begin while a person is sleeping. The seizures often appear during childhood or adolescence and involve varying degrees of muscle (motor) activity, which can include large, complex, and repetitive movements (hyperkinetic seizures). Autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (ADSHE) is a form of SHE that runs in families. The specific features of ADSHE can vary, even among members of the same family.
Beskrivning
Sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) is a form of epilepsy that is characterised by seizures that typically begin while a person is sleeping. The seizures often appear during childhood or adolescence and involve varying degrees of muscle (motor) activity, which can include large, complex, and repetitive movements (hyperkinetic seizures). Autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (ADSHE) is a form of SHE that runs in families. The specific features of ADSHE can vary, even among members of the same family.
People with ADSHE typically have seizures that start in a specific region of the brain (focal seizures). The seizures often occur in clusters during a phase of sleep called nonrapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep. They typically begin and end abruptly, with each seizure lasting no more than 2 minutes. Some seizures are characterised by minor motor activity that may simply wake a person from sleep, while others are more complex and include repetitive motor activity, such as flinging or throwing motions of the arms and bicycling movements of the legs. Seizures may also include muscle stiffness or abnormal body positions. Some affected individuals may get out of bed and wander around during a seizure, which can be mistaken for sleepwalking. Rapid breathing (hyperventilation); a sense of breathlessness; and vocalizations, such as moaning or crying, can also occur.
In some types of epilepsy, a pattern of unusual feelings or sensations (aura) occurs before the seizure. Upon waking from sleep, people with ADSHE may experience an aura that warns them of an oncoming seizure. Auras in people with ADSHE can be associated with a feeling of numbness, shivering, a sense of fear, dizziness (vertigo), and a feeling of falling or being pushed.
People with ADSHE typically develop seizures before the age of 20 years. The episodes tend to become milder and less frequent over time. Although many people with ADSHE have seizures that can be effectively managed with medication, approximately 30 percent of affected individuals have seizures that become resistant to medication.
Psychiatric disorders, behavioural problems, and intellectual disabilities have been reported in some individuals with ADSHE. It is unclear whether these additional features are directly related to the seizures or to the underlying genetic cause.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal dominant+New variant. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
ADNFLE
ADSHE
Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy
Autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor (hyperkinetic) epilepsy
ENFL
Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy
Sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
Narkolepsi och kataplexi
Narkolepsi is a long-term (chronic) problem that affects your sleep. You feel excessively tired during the daytime but have disturbed night-time sleep. You can also have sleep attacks where you fall asleep during the day without any warning. The exact cause of this is uncertain. It has been suggested that narcolepsy with cataplexy is a type of.
Patient information leaflet
Sömnparalys
Om du har sleep paralysis you are awake but you are unable to move your body (paralysis) and unable to speak when you wake up from sleep. What is sleep paralysis. Sömnparalys happens when someone is awake and conscious, but the part of the brain that controls their muscles is in 'sleep mode'. They are fully awake, but can't move. Sleep.
Patient information leaflet
Epilepsi
About 1 in 30 people in the UK develop epilepsy at some stage in their lives. However, epilepsy can begin at any age. What is epilepsy. Epilepsy is a long-lasting brain condition that causes people to have repeated seizures. A seizure is a sudden change in electrical activity in the brain. It can cause different symptoms, from someone becoming.
Patient information leaflet
Plötslig oväntad död i epilepsi
Sudden unexpected death occurs in a small number of people who have epilepsy. People most at risk are those with severe frequent seizures. Preventing seizures a... What is sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a term used when a person with epilepsy suddenly dies and the reason for the death is not.
Patient information leaflet
Epilepsimedicin och biverkningar
Medicines that are used to treat epilepsy work by stabilising the electrical activity of the brain. You need to take medication every day to control seizures. Surgery is an option in some cases. However, in practi... Two groups of problems may be mentioned: Side-effects which are relatively common but are not usually serious. For example,.
Patient information leaflet
Sömngång
Sleepwalking usually occurs during a period of deep sleep and often occurs in the first few hours after falling asleep. Sleepwalking is more common in children than in adults. Sleepwalking is just one of a group of conditions involving unwanted behaviour during sleep. The group of conditions is called parasomnias. Other parasomnias include talking.
Vidare läsning och referenser
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4 Aug 2025 | Senaste versionen
1 Aug 2025 | Ursprungligen publicerad
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