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Preventivmedel barriärmetoder

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Barriärmetoder är en grupp av alternativ för preventivmedel. Kondomer är den mest kända typen av barriärmetod. Detta informationsblad hänvisar till mer information om dessa och de andra barriärmetoderna.

At a glance

  • Barrier contraception stops sperm from meeting an egg.

  • Types include male condoms, female condoms, and diaphragms or caps.

  • Male and female condoms prevent semen from entering the vagina during sex.

  • Diaphragms and caps are placed at the top of the vagina before sex.

  • These methods generally have few side-effects or medical risks.

  • Some barrier methods can also protect against sexually transmitted infections.

Video picks for Barriärmetoder

Fortsätt läsa nedan

Vad är barriärpreventivmedel?

Barriärpreventivmedel gör precis vad orden antyder. De ger en fysisk barriär mellan spermierna och ägget. Om spermier förhindras från att möta ett ägg kan de inte börja skapa en bebis.

Det finns tre breda grupper av barriärpreventivmedel:

  • Kondomer (also known as sheaths). These are placed on the man's penis before having sex. This stops the semen entering the woman's vagina. Read about kondomer - their pros and cons, how effective they are, where to get them, and how to use them.

  • Kvinnliga kondomer. These are put inside the vagina, and form a barrier to the sperm during sex. Read about kondomer för kvinnor.

  • Diafragmor och pessar. These are dome-shaped devices which are put right at the top of the vagina before having sex. They are rather more solid than female condoms, with a firmer ring at the edge. Most types come in specific sizes, and you need to see a health professional to determine the right size for you. Read about pessar och mössor.

Fortsätt läsa nedan

All types of contraception have pros and cons. You have to weigh up each option and figure out which is best for you personally. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of barrier method are laid out in the specific leaflets linked above. Broadly speaking, barrier methods are not as effective as many other methods, and you have to remember to use them at the time when you are having sex. On the plus side, they have few side-effects or medical risks. Some of the options have the added advantage of protection against sexuellt överförbara infektioner and possibly also protect against livmoderhalscancer (cervix). Se de enskilda broschyrerna för detaljer.

För en lista över alla typer av preventivmedel som finns tillgängliga, se även det separata informationsbladet som heter Preventivmetoder.

Vanliga frågor

How do barrier methods actually stop pregnancy?

Barrier contraceptives work by physically stopping sperm from reaching and fertilising an egg. This prevents the process that leads to the creation of a baby.

Are barrier methods suitable for everyone?

The suitability of barrier methods, like all contraception, depends on personal preference and individual circumstances. It's important to consider their pros and cons, which are detailed in specific leaflets for each type. They are generally known for having few side-effects or medical risks.

Do barrier methods offer any health benefits beyond preventing pregnancy?

Yes, some barrier methods provide additional benefits. They can offer protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and potentially reduce the risk of cancer of the cervix.

Do I need to do anything special to prepare before using a diaphragm or cap?

Yes, for diaphragms and caps, it's typically necessary to see a health professional. This is because most types come in specific sizes, and a professional needs to determine the correct size for you.

How do barrier methods compare in effectiveness to other contraception types?

Broadly speaking, barrier methods are generally not as effective as many other types of contraception. A key factor in their effectiveness is remembering to use them correctly each time you have sex.

Vidare läsning och referenser

Fortsätt läsa nedan

About the authorView full bio

Author image

Dr Mary Harding, MRCGP

General Practitioner, Medical Author

BA, MA, MB, BChir, MRCGP, DFFP

Dr Mary Harding qualified from Cambridge University medical school in 1989.

About the reviewerView full bio

Author image

Dr Jacqueline Payne, FRCGP

General Practitioner, Medical Author

MB, BS, DFFP, DRCOG, FRCGP

Jacqueline was a GP in Kendal, Cumbria for 25 years, where she trained young GPs for the RCGP and was an Instructing Doctor for the FSRH.

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